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Formal

Formal expressions for professional contexts

travel B2

overnight accommodation

Learn the formal travel term 'overnight accommodation' and how to use it when booking hotels or claiming travel expenses.
travel C1

passenger manifest

Understand 'passenger manifest,' the official list of passengers on a ship, plane, or vehicle used by customs and flight crews.
travel B2

passport validity

Learn the formal travel term 'passport validity' and understand how to discuss passport expiration rules and international travel requirements in English.
entertainment C1

patron of the arts

Discover what it means to be a 'patron of the arts' and how this formal term describes wealthy or influential supporters of creative culture throughout history.
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business B2

performance appraisal

Understand what a performance appraisal is, how it works in human resources, and how to discuss your professional reviews with confidence.
travel C1

pilot in command

Learn the meaning of 'pilot in command,' the formal aviation term for the pilot holding ultimate legal responsibility for an aircraft's flight safety.
entertainment C1

poetic license

Understand 'poetic license' and how writers and artists bend the rules of reality or grammar for artistic effect. Explore its formal usage and examples.
academic C1

point of contention

Understand the academic phrase 'point of contention' to describe key areas of disagreement in debates and research.
entertainment B2

post-production phase

Learn what the post-production phase means in filmmaking and how to use this formal industry term correctly in professional contexts.
business C1

precipitate a crisis

Learn the formal business collocation 'precipitate a crisis' to describe actions that suddenly trigger severe problems.
business C1

precipitate a decline

Understand how to use 'precipitate a decline' in formal business contexts to describe a sudden drop in value or performance.
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entertainment C1

press junket

Understand what a press junket is, how film promotions work, and how to use this industry term in context.
business C1

price elasticity

Master the concept of price elasticity in professional English. Learn how consumer demand responds to price changes with practical C1 business examples.
business C1

principal-agent problem

Understand the principal-agent problem in corporate governance. Learn how conflicting interests affect business decisions with professional C1 English examples.
business B2

probationary period

Learn what a probationary period is, how it works in professional environments, and how to use this essential human resources term correctly in business English.
relationships B2

propose marriage

Learn how to use the formal phrase 'propose marriage', which means to formally ask someone to marry you.
relationships C1

provide an exemplary model

Learn how the formal phrase 'provide an exemplary model' is used to describe setting a perfect example for others to follow.
relationships C1

provoke irritation

Learn how to use the formal phrase 'provoke irritation' to describe causing annoyance or frustration in relationships.
business B2

put forward a proposal

Master the formal business phrase 'put forward a proposal'. Learn how to use it in meetings, presentations, and written reports.
entertainment C1

ratings war

Explore the meaning of 'ratings war', a term describing fierce competition between media networks for viewership. Learn its formal usage with examples and practice.